Journal: Addiction Biology

Article Title: NMDA receptor within nucleus accumbens shell regulates propofol self‐administration through D1R/ERK/CREB signalling pathway

doi: 10.1111/adb.13401

Figure Lengend Snippet: Propofol self‐administration behaviour was enhanced by the pretreatment of D‐AP5 in bilateral NAsh. Pretreatment of D‐AP5 significantly increased the numbers of active nose‐poke (active response, p = 0.006, n = 8, ANOVA) and propofol infusions (pump, p = 0.018, n = 8, Kruskal–Wallis) at the dose of 4.0 μg/0.3 μL/site compared with the vehicle group (active response, p = 0.002, Dunnett; pump, p = 0.020, Dunn), but there was no change in the number of inactive nose‐poke (inactive response, p = 0.603, n = 8, Kruskal–Wallis). One‐way ANOVA was applied for the normally distributed data, with Dunnett's post hoc test for multiple comparisons; otherwise, the data were analysed by Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's post hoc analysis for multiple comparisons. Compared with the vehicle group, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: D‐AP5 (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 μg/0.3 μL/site) (Sigma‐Aldrich, St‐Louis, MO, United States) was dissolved in sterile saline (vehicle).

Techniques:

Journal: Addiction Biology

Article Title: NMDA receptor within nucleus accumbens shell regulates propofol self‐administration through D1R/ERK/CREB signalling pathway

doi: 10.1111/adb.13401

Figure Lengend Snippet: Images and plots of western blotting analysis of NR2A and NR2B subunits of NMDARs in the NAc after D‐AP5 pretreatment in bilateral NAsh in propofol self‐administrated rats. The expressions of p‐NR2A (A, p = 0.014, n = 5, Kruskal–Wallis) and p‐NR2B (C, p = 0.013, n = 6, Kruskal–Wallis) were statistically significantly increased by D‐AP5 pretreatment. The pairwise analysis showed the difference reached a statistical significance at the doses of 2.0–4.0 μg/0.3 μL/site for p‐NR2A (2.0 group p = 0.038, 4.0 group p = 0.023, Dunn) and 4.0 μg/0.3 μL/site for p‐NR2B (4.0 group p = 0.008, Dunn) compared with the vehicle group. The expressions of t‐NR2A (B, p = 0.130, n = 6, Kruskal–Wallis) and t‐NR2B were not changed (D, p = 0.183, n = 7, Kruskal–Wallis). p‐NR2A = phosphorylated NR2A, t‐NR2A = total NR2A, p‐NR2B = phosphorylated NR2B, t‐NR2B = total NR2B. One‐way ANOVA was applied for the normally distributed data, with Dunnett's post hoc test for multiple comparisons; if not, the data were analysed by Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's post hoc analysis for multiple comparisons. Compared with the vehicle group, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: D‐AP5 (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 μg/0.3 μL/site) (Sigma‐Aldrich, St‐Louis, MO, United States) was dissolved in sterile saline (vehicle).

Techniques: Western Blot

Journal: Addiction Biology

Article Title: NMDA receptor within nucleus accumbens shell regulates propofol self‐administration through D1R/ERK/CREB signalling pathway

doi: 10.1111/adb.13401

Figure Lengend Snippet: Images and plots of western blotting analysis of D1R/ERK/CREB signalling pathway in the NAc after the pretreatment of D‐AP5 in bilateral NAsh in propofol self‐administrated rats. The expressions of D1R (A, p < 0.001, n = 7, ANOVA), p‐ERK1/2 (B, p = 0.001, n = 7, Kruskal–Wallis) and p‐CREB (D, p = 0.001, n = 7, ANOVA) in the NAc were statistically significantly increased in a dose‐dependent manner by D‐AP5 pretreatment. Compared with the vehicle group, the pairwise analysis showed the difference reached a statistical significance at the dose of 2.0–4.0 μg/0.3 μL/site for D1Rs (2.0 group p < 0.001, 4.0 group p < 0.001, Dunnett) and p‐CREB (p‐CREB, 2.0 group p = 0.003, 4.0 group p = 0.001, Dunnett), and at the dose of 4.0 μg/0.3 μL/site for p‐ERK1/2 ( p = 0.001, Dunn). D‐AP5 pretreatment failed to affect the expression of t‐ERK1/2 (C, p = 0.996, n = 6, ANOVA) and t‐CREB (E, p = 0.798, n = 6, ANOVA) in the NAc. p‐ERK1/2 = phosphorylated ERK1/2, t‐ERK1/2 = total ERK1/2, p‐CREB = phosphorylated CREB, t‐NR2B = total CREB. The normally distributed data were analysed with one‐way ANOVA, and Dunnett's post hoc test was conducted for multiple comparisons; otherwise, the data that did not meet the criteria of normal distribution were analysed by Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's post hoc analysis for multiple comparisons. Compared with the vehicle group, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: D‐AP5 (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 μg/0.3 μL/site) (Sigma‐Aldrich, St‐Louis, MO, United States) was dissolved in sterile saline (vehicle).

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Addiction Biology

Article Title: NMDA receptor within nucleus accumbens shell regulates propofol self‐administration through D1R/ERK/CREB signalling pathway

doi: 10.1111/adb.13401

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effects of D‐AP5 pretreatment in bilateral NAsh on general activities. The results show that D‐AP5 pretreatment did not statistically significantly affect locomotor activities judged by path length (A, p = 0.278, n = 6), mean speed (B, p = 0.280, n = 6) and the time of activity (C, p = 0.120, n = 6). The normally distributed data were analysed with one‐way ANOVA.

Article Snippet: D‐AP5 (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 μg/0.3 μL/site) (Sigma‐Aldrich, St‐Louis, MO, United States) was dissolved in sterile saline (vehicle).

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy

Article Title: Choosing the right treatment for the right lesion, Part II: a narrative review of drug-coated balloon angioplasty and its evolving role in dialysis access maintenance

doi: 10.21037/cdt-22-497

Figure Lengend Snippet: Description of methods in reviewed randomized controlled trials

Article Snippet: Lutonix , Karmota, 2020, ( ) , 9/2015–12/2017 , Multi [2] , NR , DCB: 30; control: 30; total: 60 , AVF only , NR , Yes, standard balloon , Lutonix (2.0 μg/mm 2 ) , Undersized standard balloon + standard balloon , 180.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy

Article Title: Choosing the right treatment for the right lesion, Part II: a narrative review of drug-coated balloon angioplasty and its evolving role in dialysis access maintenance

doi: 10.21037/cdt-22-497

Figure Lengend Snippet: Description of follow-up, primary study endpoints, and results in reviewed randomized controlled trials. In cases where a primary study endpoint had a one or multiple specified time points associated with it, these were described, and may differ from total length of follow-up. If the primary study endpoint was not associated with a specific time point in the study methods, the data at the longest follow-up time is provided

Article Snippet: Lutonix , Karmota, 2020, ( ) , 9/2015–12/2017 , Multi [2] , NR , DCB: 30; control: 30; total: 60 , AVF only , NR , Yes, standard balloon , Lutonix (2.0 μg/mm 2 ) , Undersized standard balloon + standard balloon , 180.

Techniques: Control